Oil & Gas and Petroleum

Wireline Logging Interpretation

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Wireline Logging Interpretation Course

Introduction:

The course comes in two “flavours” depending upon the background of the participants. The first three days cover all standard and modern well-logging measurements both Wireline and LWD, and the remaining two days cover specific topics as follows:

Plus a “geological” flavour covering dipmeter/imaging logs, use of logs for correlation, mineralogy

Plus an “engineering” flavour covering cased-hole topics such as bond- & corrosion-logging, fluid level monitoring, perforation performance issues.

Plus depending on participants’ background and interest, a number of more advanced topics can be presented in the form of overviews; details are in the course content summary below.

Course Objectives:

Successful completion of the course will give participants a good understanding of the basic logging measurements and interpretation methods, sufficient to assess log quality and identify data acquisition problems, and to perform their own simple log interpretations in clean formations. The more complex topics covered towards the end of the course will give insights into the use of new measurements and will discuss the issues involved in making interpretations in complex geological environments.

Who Should Attend?

The course is intended for entry-level engineers and geologists/geophysicists, as well as for experienced geo-scientists and technical assistants working with, or needing to understand better, the principles of log interpretation and/or to update themselves on the range of log measurements and techniques now available to them.

Although the course is appropriate for both engineers and geologists/geophysicists, the emphasis and level can be changed depending upon the participants’ requirements and backgrounds.

Course Outlines:

General Topics and Resistivity Measurements

· Brief Overview of Requirement for Wireline & LWD Measurements

· Overview of Basic Petrophysical Models & Relationships Used in “Clean” formation interpretation

· Overview of Basic Geological Models & Signatures obtainable from well logs or

· Overview of Basic Geological Models & Signatures obtainable from well logs

· Overview of Basic Applications of Wireline & LWD Methods for Well Completions (Geoscientists and/or Reservoir Monitoring (Engineers)

· Depth Measurements & Control

· Conductivity in Electrolytes and Derivation of Rmf at Formation Temperature

· Use of SP for Geological Interpretation and to determine Rw

· Resistivity Measurements to Determine Rt , Rxo and invasion profile

· Tornado chart corrections & implications of the “step-profile” and other invasion profile assumptions

· Gamma Ray

· Caliper Measurements

· Identification of Potential Zones of Interest using SP, GR and Resistivity

· [This section is mainly the participants working through a series of log examples to illustrate the selection of zones of possible interest]

Porosity and Mineralogy/Lithology Measurements

Measurements for Determination of Porosity & Mineralogy/Lithology

· Density Measurements

· Neutron Measurements

· Acoustic Measurements

· Pe Measurements

· Cross plot methods for porosity & lithology determination

Gamma-Ray Spectrometry and Core Sampling for Enhanced Mineralogy Determination

· Spectral Gamma Ray

· Elemental Capture Spectrometry

· Percussion & Mechanical Sidewall Coring

Linking Resistivity with Porosity/Mineralogy Measurements

· Linking Porosity, Formation Factor and Water Saturation

· Determination of Water Saturations in Virgin and Flushed Zones

· Completion & review of 1st example set of logs (“Clean Sand” example) which the group has been working on in teams over the first 3 days. Review of GoM LWD set of logs (“Homework” example) given to participants for their study after course hours.

Miscellaneous Measurements for Petroleum Engineering and Geological Applications

· Pressure Measurements, Fluid Sampling & Analysis using Formation Testers

· Nuclear Magnetic Resonance Measurements

· Permeability Determination from Logs & Pressure Measurements

· Overview of Computer Log Interpretation Methods