Fractured Reservoir and its Impact on Enhanced Oil Recovery
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Fractured Reservoir and its Impact on Enhanced Oil Recovery Course
Introduction:
Natural fractures are increasingly recognized as dominant permeability paths in many reservoirs. Unfortunately, there are few guidelines available for geologists and engineers characterizing and engineering naturally fractured reservoirs. This course is intended as an up-to-date summary of an integrated reservoir study including characterization, experimentation, and integration of information in determining the most suitable process option in naturally fractured reservoirs. Information presented from this project in this short course include core results from several wells including a horizontal core; measurement of fracture populations and spacings from core data; investigation of diagenesis in natural fractures; evaluation of fracture detection logs; detailed study of matrix porosity; evaluation of shaly-sand algorithms for calculation of net pay; measurement of in-situ oil saturation with sponge cores; laboratory measurement of imbibition, capillary pressure and wettability at reservoir conditions, history matching laboratory measurements for up-scaling to reservoir geometry, wettability data for prediction of waterflood performance; reservoir performance analysis during water injection, and laboratory experiments of forced and free-fall gravity drainage with CO2 and use of commercial simulators to match reservoir performance using precisely measured lab and field data. Two other important case histories’ are also presented. The Midale CO2 flood conducted by Shell Canada is a successful CO2 pilot in a naturally fractured carbonate. A comprehensive data set is presented which clearly demonstrates the role of fracture and matrix characterization, pulse and tracer testing, and laboratory experimentation in the development of an adequate history match of waterflooding in order to predict the full-field performance of the CO2 flood. Geology and fracture characterization are presented along with the performance of water injection, effects of rock wettability, gravitational effects, tracer, and pulse testing and a complete review of the CO2 pilot is reviewed.
Course Objectives:
- The reservoir management process in naturally fractured reservoirs
- Data acquisition
- Laboratory experimentation
- Wettability
- Capillary pressure
- Relative permeability analysis and modeling
- Development of fracture characterization for simulation
- Production operations
- Reservoir management economics
- Dual porosity simulation
- Interference and tracer surveys
- Waterflood principles
- Enhanced recovery projects plus comprehensive case histories
Who Should Attend?
- Reservoir engineers
- Geoscientists
- Operating personnel
- Other actual or potential asset team members
Course Outlines:
- Characterization of Naturally Fractured Reservoirs.
- Geological and petrophysical analysis of reservoir cores.
Screening reservoir data for waterflood and gas injection candidates.
- Core-log integration, reservoir characterization.
- Development of specific algorithms for log evaluation (identification of pay zones and water saturation in the pay)
- Fracture identification (natural or coring induced) and characterization.
Well test analysis and analysis of inflow performance of horizontal wells.
- Imbibition’s, capillary pressure, interfacial tension, and wettability determination.
- Scaling laboratory results to predict waterflood response.
Numerical simulation of water flooding Naturally Fractured Reservoirs.
- Phase behavior and Minimum Miscibility Pressure (MMP) determination.
- Gas injection experiments in fractured systems (whole core at reservoir conditions).
Evaluation, scaling, and design of gas injection results for implementation of projects in naturally fractured systems.
