Drilling Hydraulics Design
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Drilling Hydraulics Design Course
Introduction:
This 5-Day course is designed for drilling operational staff and drilling engineers. The objective of the course is to determine subsurface wellbore pressures during drilling operations under static and dynamic conditions. It starts with a calculation of hydrostatic pressure using high school mathematical equations and physical laws governing fluid dynamics. After refreshing basic concepts, the course explores how to calculate the forces and stresses in submerged tubular, the density of drilling fluids required to drill safely and efficiently, various rheological models for calculating frictional pressure losses in tubular and in annulus, the surge, and swab pressures while moving the drill string, optimizing drilling rates according to the design and size of the bit nozzle and the annular velocity for efficient cutting removal from the wellbore. This course covers the conversion between English and metric units, with an emphasis on commonly used units in the oil and gas field operations; properties of drilling fluids; properties of gases and ideal gas law; calculation of hydrostatic pressure of liquid and gas columns; buoyancy factor; axial stresses in tubular; forces balance and free body diagram; identification of a kick and well control; estimation of formation pore pressure and fracture gradients; loss circulation; fluid flow calculations; hydraulic horsepower; rheological models; flow regimes; Reynolds’s number; bit hydraulics and optimum bit nozzle sizes; and hole cleaning in vertical, directional and horizontal wells.
Course Objectives:
YOU WILL LEARN: -
- Drilling fluid properties and hydraulic design
- Axial stresses
- Well control
- The estimate of pore pressure
- Prediction of fracture gradient
- Fundamental laws of fluid flow
- Rheological models
- Hole cleaning in vertical and horizontal wells
- Optimal bit nozzle sizes
- Surge and swab pressures
Who Should Attend?
The following oil and gas company personnel will benefit from the knowledge shared in this course:
- Drilling crews
- Rig Managers
- Drilling Foreman
- Drilling engineers
- Mud engineers VI. Wellsite geologists
- Directional drillers
- Drilling contractors staff
Course Outlines:
Introduction to Oil & Gas Drilling
- Oil and gas development
- Formations, rock pressure, fluid traps
- Fundamentals of petroleum
- Basic geology
- Drilling hydraulics
Drilling fluid properties
- Density
- Compressibility of fluids
- Properties of gases
- Z-Factor
- Hydrostatic pressure
- Annular pressure in complex fluid columns
Fluid Mechanics
- Free body diagram
- Buoyancy
- Forces and stresses in submerged tubular
Well Control
- Identification of a kick
- Shut-in pressures
- Kill mud weight calculations
- Annular pressure during well control
- Strength of casing shoe and maximum allowable annular pressure
Formation Pressure
- Pre-pressure development
- Porosity and permeability
- Pore pressure measurements
- Fluid pressure gradient and mud weight requirements
- Fluid level in annulus after loss circulation
Prediction of Fracture Gradient
- Definition
- Estimate fracture gradient from correlations
- Measurement of fracture gradient – Leak of Test (LOT)
- LOT data Analysis
Basic Laws of Fluid Flow
- Introduction
- Conservation of mass
- Velocity equation
- Energy and pressure balance equations
- Hydraulic calculations
- Pressure drop through bit nozzles
Rheological Models
- Introduction
- Calculation of frictional pressure losses
- Newtonian model
- Bingham Plastic model
- Power-Law model
- Flow regimes, laminar and turbulent
- Frictional pressure loss equations
Bit Hydraulics
- Introduction
- Bit nozzle size design
- Optimization of bit hydraulics
- Bit hydraulic horsepower
- Jet impact force
Hole Cleaning in Vertical Wells
- Introduction
- Particle slip velocity
- Cutting transport ratio
- Factors affecting hole cleaning
- Empirical correlations
